Step-by-step arithmetic breakdown
To calculate 12% of 40, convert the percentage into a decimal by dividing by 100, then multiply by the whole amount:
1. Convert percentage to fraction: 12 / 100 = 0.1200
2. Multiply by base number: 0.1200 × 40
3. Exact result: 4.8
Everyday real-world applications
- Retail & Discounts: If a product priced at $40 is discounted by 12%, your savings equal $4.8.
- Tax & Tips: A 12% service tip on a $40 restaurant bill equals exactly $4.8.
- Financial Yields: An investment yielding 12% on a principal of $40 produces $4.8 in interest.